{"id":10411,"date":"2021-05-02T10:23:23","date_gmt":"2021-05-02T08:23:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/.\/?p=10411"},"modified":"2026-05-01T23:35:38","modified_gmt":"2026-05-01T21:35:38","slug":"systemes-dexploitation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/systemes-dexploitation\/","title":{"rendered":"Syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;exploitation"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;exploitation de type DOS et Windows<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/freedos.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FreeDOS<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/clasqm.github.io\/freedos-repo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FreeDOS-repo<\/a> : freeware et logiciels libres pour FreeDOS.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/svardos.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SvarDOS<\/a> : DOS compatible 8086.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/MS-DOS-6.22-francais.zip\">MS-DOS 6.22<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/reactos.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ReactOS<\/a> : r\u00e9-\u00e9criture de Windows.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/installer-windows-98\/\">Installer Windows 98<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"\/blog\/installer-windows-xp\/\">Installer Windows XP<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/installer-windows-7\/\">Installer Windows 7<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/builtbybel\/FlyOOBE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FlyOOBE<\/a> permet de mettre \u00e0 niveau Windows 10 vers Windows 11 sans contraintes mat\u00e9rielles.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>Syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;exploitation pour ordinateur Apple Macintosh<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/installer-debian-sur-un-ordinateur-apple-macintosh-equipe-dun-microprocesseur-powerpc\/\">Installer Debian sur un ordinateur Apple Macintosh \u00e9quip\u00e9 d\u2019un microprocesseur PowerPC<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>Mac OS 9 :\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/installer-mac-os-9-a-partir-d-une-cle-usb-amorcable\/\">Installer Mac OS 9 \u00e0 partir d\u2019une cl\u00e9 USB amor\u00e7able<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>Mac OS X : les versions de Mac OS X ant\u00e9rieures \u00e0 10.4.4 sont compatibles avec les microprocesseurs PowerPC, les versions 10.4.4 \u00e0 10.5.x (Leopard) sont compatibles avec les microprocesseurs PowerPC ou avec les microprocesseurs Intel. Les CD-ROM ou DVD d&rsquo;installation avec le logiciel de test du mat\u00e9riel AHT (Apple Hardware Test) version 1.x.x ou 2.x.x sont pour les microprocesseurs PowerPC, ceux avec AHT version 3Axx sont pour les microprocesseurs Intel :<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/DVD-pour-microprocesseur-PowerPC.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-13700 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/DVD-pour-microprocesseur-PowerPC-1024x1013.jpg?_t=1754082827\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"633\" srcset=\"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/DVD-pour-microprocesseur-PowerPC-1024x1013.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/DVD-pour-microprocesseur-PowerPC-300x297.jpg 300w, https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/DVD-pour-microprocesseur-PowerPC-768x760.jpg 768w, https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/DVD-pour-microprocesseur-PowerPC-273x270.jpg 273w, https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/DVD-pour-microprocesseur-PowerPC.jpg 1118w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Pour microprocesseur PowerPC : <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/mac-os-x-10.4.3-retail-multilingual-power-pc-g-3-g-4-g-5-install-dvd-2-z-691-5599-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mac OS X 10.4.3 pour PowerPC G3, G4 ou G5<\/a>. Une fois install\u00e9, vous pouvez le mettre \u00e0 jour automatiquement vers la version 10.4.11 ou sinon, t\u00e9l\u00e9charger la <a href=\"https:\/\/support.apple.com\/fr-fr\/106535\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mise \u00e0 jour combin\u00e9e Mac OS X 10.4.11 (PPC)<\/a>. Les versions 10.4.x (Tiger) pour microprocesseur PowerPC sont les derni\u00e8res \u00e0 \u00eatre compatibles avec le microprocesseur PowerPC G3.<\/li>\r\n<li>Pour microprocesseur Intel : <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/for-mac-computers-mac-os-10.4.10-mac-os-x-install-disc-2-2-z-691-6113-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mac OS X 10.4.10 Multilingual &#8211; For Mac Computers<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/mac-mini-mac-os-10.6.3-mac-os-x-install-dvd-2-z-691-6657-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mac OS X 10.6.3 Multilingual &#8211; Mac mini<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.org\/details\/i-mac-mac-os-10.6.7-mac-os-x-install-dvd-2-z-691-6820-a\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mac OS X 10.6.7 Multilingual &#8211; iMac<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Forums de discussion, blogues :<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/macintoshgarden.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Macintosh Garden<\/a> : annuaire de logiciels abandonn\u00e9s, forum de discussion.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.themacattic.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Mac Attic<\/a> : annuaire de logiciels abandonn\u00e9s.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.macintoshrepository.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Macintosh Repository<\/a> :\u00a0annuaire de logiciels abandonn\u00e9s.<\/li>\r\n<li>Blogue <a href=\"https:\/\/happymacs.wordpress.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quadras, Cubes and G5s<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>Autres syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;exploitation<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ravynos.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ravynOS<\/a> : r\u00e9-\u00e9criture de macOS. Bas\u00e9 sur <a href=\"https:\/\/freebsd.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FreeBSD<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/SerenityOS\/serenity\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SerenityOS<\/a> : r\u00e9-\u00e9criture des UNIX des ann\u00e9es 90. Pour les microprocesseurs 64 bits x86, Arm, et RISC-V.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/gitlab.redox-os.org\/redox-os\/redox\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Redox<\/a> : \u00e9crit en RUST.<\/li>\r\n<li>Pour ordinateurs mono-carte : <a href=\"https:\/\/raspberrypi.com\/software\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Raspberry Pi OS<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>Pour disques en r\u00e9seau (NAS) : <a href=\"https:\/\/truenas.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TrueNAS<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/openmediavault.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">openmediavault<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>Recherche de paquets : <a href=\"https:\/\/snapshot.debian.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Debian<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/packages.ubuntu.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ubuntu<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/packages.linuxmint.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Linux Mint<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/l3net.wordpress.com\/lightweight-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Comparaison de bureaux Linux<\/a>, avec leur occupation m\u00e9moire.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/haiku-os.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Haiku<\/a> : r\u00e9-\u00e9criture de BeOS.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aros.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AROS<\/a> : r\u00e9-\u00e9criture d&rsquo;AmigaOS.<\/li>\r\n<li>Syst\u00e8mes temps r\u00e9el : <a href=\"https:\/\/freertos.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FreeRTOS<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/nuttx.apache.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NuttX<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rtems.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RTEMS<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/zephyrproject.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Zephyr<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Des sites web sur les anciens syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;exploitation : <a href=\"https:\/\/forum.system-cfg.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">forum.system-cfg.com<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.retro-computing.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Retro-computing<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.win3x.org\/win3board\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Win3x.Org<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/winworldpc.com\/library\/operating-systems\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WinWorld<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/forum.wda-fr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">association WDA<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vogons.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VOGONS<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>D\u00e9marrage<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.supergrubdisk.org\/rescatux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rescatux<\/a> ou <a href=\"https:\/\/sourceforge.net\/p\/boot-repair-cd\/home\/Home\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Boot-Repair-Disk<\/a> pour r\u00e9-installer GRUB, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.supergrubdisk.org\/super-grub2-disk\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Super Grub2 Disk<\/a> pour d\u00e9marrer un syst\u00e8me lorsque son chargeur d&rsquo;amor\u00e7age ne fonctionne pas.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>\u00c9mulateurs<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-amiga-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amiga<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-amstrad-cpc-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amstrad CPC<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-atari-st-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Atari ST<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-bbc-micro-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BBC Micro<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-commodore-64-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Commodore 64<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>Compatibles PC : <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/sarah-walker-pcem\/pcem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PCem<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-dragon-32-64-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dragon<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-msx-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">MSX<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>Nintendo 3DS : <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/wheremyfoodat\/Panda3DS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Panda3DS<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/gopher64\/gopher64\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nitendo 64<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>Nitendo Game Boy Advance, Game Boy, Game Boy Color, DS : <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/skylersaleh\/SkyEmu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SkyEmu<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>Nintendo Switch 1 :\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ryujinx.app\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ryujinx<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-oric-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Oric<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-sinclair-ql-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">QL<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>Sega Model 3 : <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/trzy\/Supermodel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Supermodel<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li>THOMSON MO5, MO5E, MO5N, MO5NR, MO6, T9000, TO7, TO7\/70,TO9, TO8, TO8D, TO9+, Olivetti Prodest PC128 : <a href=\"https:\/\/dcmoto.pages-perso.free.fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DCMOTO<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-trs-80-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TRS-80<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-vic-20-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VIC-20<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-sinclair-zx81-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ZX81<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/linuxlinks.com\/emulate-sinclair-zx-spectrum-home-computer-linux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ZX Spectrum<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>Clonage local ou vers un serveur (sans d\u00e9marrage PXE)<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>dd : Linux et Windows. Permet aussi de cloner le MBR. Inconv\u00e9nient : sauvegarde m\u00eame les parties vides.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/partedmagic.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parted Magic<\/a> contient les logiciels de partitionnement et de clonage Clonezilla, <a href=\"https:\/\/fsarchiver.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FSArchiver<\/a> (version am\u00e9lior\u00e9e de Partimage), <a href=\"https:\/\/sourceforge.net\/projects\/gparted\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GParted<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/gnu.org\/software\/parted\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GNU Parted<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sourceforge.net\/projects\/g4l\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">G4L<\/a> (clonage vers\/depuis un serveur FTP, SFTP, CIFS ou NFS).<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/feyrer.de\/g4u\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">g4u<\/a> : clonage local ou vers\/depuis un serveur FTP.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/clonezilla.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clonezilla<\/a> : clonage local ou vers\/depuis un serveur SSH, SAMBA ou NFS. Utilise <a href=\"https:\/\/partclone.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Partclone<\/a> par d\u00e9faut, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.partimage.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Partimage<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/tuxera\/ntfs-3g\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ntfsclone<\/a> en options.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/rescuezilla\/rescuezilla\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rescuezilla<\/a> : interface graphique pour Clonezilla. D\u00e9riv\u00e9 de Redo Backup and Recovery.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/redorescue.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Redo Rescue<\/a> : clonage local ou vers\/depuis un serveur SSH, SMB\/CIFS, FTP. Anciennement Redo Backup and Recovery.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.system-rescue.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SystemRescue<\/a> est un \u00e9quivalent \u00e0 Parted Magic.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>Clonage, d\u00e9ploiement de syst\u00e8me en r\u00e9seau (d\u00e9marrage PXE), d\u00e9ploiement de logiciels<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/drbl.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Diskless Remote Boot in Linux (DRBL)<\/a> : clonage, d\u00e9ploiement de syst\u00e8mes Linux sur des postes clients sans disque (d\u00e9marrage PXE). Utilise Clonezilla, un serveur NFS et un serveur NIS. Pour le d\u00e9ploiement de Windows, voir <a href=\"https:\/\/drbl-winroll.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DRBL-Winroll<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fogproject.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FOG<\/a> : clonage, d\u00e9ploiement de syst\u00e8mes Linux, Windows ou macOS (d\u00e9marrage PXE), d\u00e9ploiement de logiciels.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/opsi.org\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">opsi<\/a> : clonage, d\u00e9ploiement de syst\u00e8mes Linux ou Windows (d\u00e9marrage PXE), d\u00e9ploiement de logiciels, inventaire mat\u00e9riel et logiciel.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/medulla-tech.io\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Medulla<\/a>. D\u00e9riv\u00e9 de Pulse de Mandriva.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/fai-project.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fully Automatic Installation<\/a> : clonage, d\u00e9ploiement de syst\u00e8mes Linux (d\u00e9marrage PXE), d\u00e9ploiement de logiciels sur syst\u00e8mes Linux.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/oscar.banquise.eu\/dokuwiki\/doku.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OSCAR<\/a> : cr\u00e9e localement une copie de la partition syst\u00e8me ou restaure le syst\u00e8me \u00e0 partir de la copie. Peut aussi faire office de serveur PXE, les postes clients r\u00e9cup\u00e8rent la sauvegarde de la partition syst\u00e8me, se restaurent et se cr\u00e9ent une partition de sauvegarde.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/m23.sourceforge.io\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">m23<\/a> : clonage, d\u00e9ploiement de syst\u00e8mes Linux (d\u00e9marrage PXE), d\u00e9ploiement de logiciels sur syst\u00e8mes Linux.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/wsusoffline.net\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WSUS Offline Update<\/a> : mises \u00e0 jour de Windows et de MS Office sans acc\u00e8s \u00e0 Internet.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/tranquil.it\/deploiement-logiciels\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WAPT<\/a> : d\u00e9ploiement de logiciels et de mises \u00e0 jour de Windows. Peut remplacer un serveur WSUS.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/rudder.io\/fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rudder<\/a> : d\u00e9ploiement de mises \u00e0 jour et de correctifs, pour tous syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;exploitation.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>Attention : ces outils de clonage ne peuvent apparemment pas cloner les partitions Windows de type dynamique.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>Machines virtuelles<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Machines virtuelles avec hyperviseur <a href=\"https:\/\/virtualbox.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VirtualBox<\/a> (type 2).<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/proxmox.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proxmox<\/a> : plateforme de gestion de conteneurs <a href=\"https:\/\/linuxcontainers.org\/lxc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LXC<\/a> et de machines virtuelles avec hyperviseur <a href=\"https:\/\/linux-kvm.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KVM<\/a> (type 1).<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/xcp-ng.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">XCP-ng<\/a> : plateforme de gestion de machines virtuelles avec hyperviseur Xen (type 1).<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.qemu.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">QEMU<\/a> : plateforme de gestion de machines virtuelles, avec \u00e9mulation du microprocesseur ou avec hyperviseur KVM ou Xen. Interface graphique : <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/tobimensch\/aqemu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">AQEMU<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/getutm.app\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UTM<\/a> utilise la partie \u00e9mulation de QEMU. Pour iOS.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/quickemu-project\/quickemu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Quickemu<\/a> utilise la partie \u00e9mulation de QEMU. Pour Linux, macOS.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/canonical\/multipass\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Multipass<\/a> : plateforme de gestion de machines virtuelles. Utilise KVM sur Linux, Hyper-V sur Windows et QEMU sur macOS.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>Infrastructure de postes de travail virtuels (virtual desktop infrastructure ou VDI)<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Le client se connecte \u00e0 une machine virtuelle ou \u00e0 un conteneur d\u00e9marr\u00e9 sur un serveur. Les ressources de la machine virtuelle ou du conteneur ne sont pas partag\u00e9es.<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theqvd.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">QVD<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.spice-space.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SPICE<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/joshpatten\/PVE-VDIClient\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PVE VDI Client<\/a> pour se connecter \u00e0 une machine virtuelle Proxmox avec SPICE.<\/li>\r\n<li>Non libre : Citrix DaaS, VMware Horizon, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vinchin.com\/fr\/vm-backup\/proxmox-vdi.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Proxmox VDI<\/a>, Deskpool (connexion \u00e0 des machines virtuelles Hyper-V, Proxmox, VMware, Xen).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<h2>Sessions distantes<\/h2>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Le client ouvre et affiche \u00e0 distance une session d&rsquo;un syst\u00e8me ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 sur un serveur. Les ressources du serveur sont partag\u00e9es entre les sessions.<\/p>\r\n<p>Serveurs :<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.x2go.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">X2Go<\/a>.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ltsp.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">LTSP<\/a>. Clients Linux d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s sur des postes sans disque, en utilisant un d\u00e9marrage PXE. Ils communiquent ensuite avec le serveur LTSP en utilisant le protocole XDMCP.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/neutrinolabs\/xrdp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">xrdp<\/a>, un serveur RDP.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Clients :<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/mremoteng.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mRemoteNG<\/a> : client Windows pour faire une connexion HTTP\/HTTPS, ICA, Raw Socket, RDP, rlogin, SSH, Telnet.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/remmina.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Remmina<\/a> : client Linux pour faire une connexion HTTP\/HTTPS, NX, RDP, SFTP, SPICE, SSH, VNC, X2Go, XDMCP.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Si on se connecte \u00e0 un serveur Windows depuis un syst\u00e8me non Windows, on perd la possibilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9crire des caract\u00e8res sp\u00e9ciaux (par exemple diam\u00e8tre \u2205) avec la combinaison de touches ALT+xxx. Il faut alors installer <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/samhocevar\/wincompose\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">WinCompose<\/a> sur le serveur Windows.<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Ouverture d&rsquo;une session distante dans un terminal :<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.chiark.greenend.org.uk\/~sgtatham\/putty\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PuTTY<\/a>, pour se connecter \u00e0 un ordinateur distant en <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Secure_Shell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SSH<\/a> depuis un syst\u00e8me Windows.<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.openssh.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">OpenSSH<\/a>\u00a0pour se connecter \u00e0 un ordinateur distant en <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Secure_Shell\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SSH<\/a> depuis un syst\u00e8me OpenBSD, Linux, macOS, UNIX, Windows (avec <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cygwin.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cygwin<\/a>).<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>Acc\u00e8s \u00e0 une session distante en mode web, sans client :<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/guacamole.apache.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Apache Guacamole<\/a>. Connexion RDP, SSH.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;exploitation de type DOS et Windows &nbsp; FreeDOS. FreeDOS-repo : freeware et logiciels libres pour FreeDOS. SvarDOS : DOS compatible 8086. MS-DOS 6.22. ReactOS : r\u00e9-\u00e9criture de Windows. Installer Windows 98. Installer Windows XP. Installer Windows 7. FlyOOBE permet de mettre \u00e0 niveau Windows 10 vers Windows 11 sans contraintes mat\u00e9rielles. &nbsp; &nbsp; Syst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;exploitation pour ordinateur Apple Macintosh &nbsp; Installer Debian sur un ordinateur Apple Macintosh \u00e9quip\u00e9 d\u2019un microprocesseur PowerPC. Mac OS 9 :\u00a0Installer Mac OS 9 \u00e0&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/systemes-dexploitation\/\">Lire la suite<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> Lire la suite<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[457,456,451,447,455,454,407,452,459,453,460,448,462,397,450,461,458,449],"class_list":["post-10411","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles-publics","tag-clonage","tag-clonezilla","tag-freebsd","tag-freedos","tag-grub","tag-haiku","tag-linux","tag-macos","tag-pxe","tag-raspberry-pi-os","tag-rdp","tag-reactos","tag-ssh","tag-systeme-dexploitation","tag-unix","tag-vnc","tag-wapt","tag-windows"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10411"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10411\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10411"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10411"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infolib.re\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}